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1) According to Karl Marx, main factor which has been inflouncing and continues to influence society is: a. Social factor b. Political factor c. Economic factor d. Religious factor e. Cultural factor
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2) Who said first, 'workers of the world unite': a. Stalin b. Lenin c. Khrushchev d. Karl Marx e. Kosygin
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3) According to Karl Marx societies have all along been divided between: a. The rich and the poor b. The educated and the elite c. The religious and the educated people d. The rich and the religious people e. The poor and the religious people
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4) According to Marxian theory revolutions come in the society because: a. The capitalists so desire b. The religious people manipulate that c. Continuous class struggle is going on d. Educated masses get dissatisfied e. Foreign powers get interested in national affairs
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5) According to Marx value of the commodity would be fixed in accordance with: a. Capital in vested in it b. Machinery used for production c. The extent of its dependence on the foreign market d. The extent of its demand in the foreign market e. The socially useful labour put in it
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6) A capitalist adds to his wealth because: a. The workers wish so b. Machines installed by him produce more c. There is difference between exchange value of what is produced and what is paid d. Capitalist can win the cooperation of the workers
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7) Karl Marx believed that social change can be brought about by: a. Evolutionary means only b. Revolutionary means only c. By spread of education only d. With the help of both evolutionary and revolutionary methods e. With the help of propaganda alone
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8) Marx suggested that before state is finally abolished during the transitory period: a. Private sector should be allowed to continue as it is b. Private sector should be strengthened c. There should be nationalisation of all industries d. There should be nationalisation of small scale industries alone e. There should be nationalisation of big industries alone
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9) Under the dictatorship of the proletariat according to Karl Marx: a. There will be all honour to mental labour b. Mental labour will be preferred over manual labour c. Manual labour will be preferred over mental labour d. There will be no distinction between the mental and the manual labour
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10) According to Karl Marx under the dictatorship of the proletariat means of production will be used for: a. The benefit of producers b. Social good c. The benefit of consumers d. The welfare of the working labourers
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11) Which of the following is not an element of Marxism? a. Dialectical materialism b. Historical materialism c. The theory of surplus value d. The theory of class struggle e. The view that the state is an ethical idea
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12) Which of the following is correct about Marx? a. He believed in the existence of a supreme universal soul b. He believed in the soul c. He believed that the world is a manifestation of supreme universal soul d. He believed that matter is the ultimate reality e. None of these
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13) Marx borrowed from Hegel: a. Materialistic philosophy b. The labour theory of value c. The ideal of statesless society d. Dialectical method e. The theory of surplus value
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14) According to Marx motive force of history is: a. God's will b. Great ideas c. Great personalities d. Forces of production e. None of these
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15) Who of the following believed in class struggle? a. J.S. Mill b. Hegel c. T.H. Green d. Karl Marx
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16) Which one of the following is incorrect about Marx? a. He advocated abolition of capitalism b. He stood for classless society c. He pleaded stateless society d. He advocated abolition of religion e. He pleaded for democracy as a means of social transformation
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17) Marxian philosophy has been criticised because: a. His idea that state will wither away has not come true b. His ideas that workers will unite has proved failure c. For his philosophy that state will expand d. For his views about capitalist system
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18) Which one of the following is true about proletariat? a. It is rule of capitalist class b. It is government by the people c. It means rule of educated classes d. It means rule of the working classes
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19) Lenin contributed to Marxism by: a. Giving labour theory of value b. Modifying theory of class struggle c. Theory of surplus value d. The principle of democratic centralism e. None of these
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20) According to Marx the state is: a. The ethical idea b. A necessary evil c. Necessary good d. An instrument of class exploitation e. None of these
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21) Marx has been criticised for his views: a. That capital is a theft b. Private property is source of exploitation c. Religion is the opium of the people d. He has prounded no guarantee for non-working classes in his society
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22) According to Karl Max proletariat revolution will be caused by: a. Strong and centralised workers b. Trade Unions c. The landlords d. Industrial owners
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23) Marxism and Anarchism differ on their views about: a. Capital is a theft b. Condemnation of state c. Classless society d. Root causes for evils in society e. Trade unionism
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24) Which one of the following is not true about Marxian Socialism? a. The state will be replaced by classless society b. They favour negative freedom for members c. They hold faith in planned economy d. They are opposed to production for the sake of profit
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25) Which one of the following is not true about Marxian Socialists? a. They are opposed to capitalist system b. Capitalism cannot introduce reforms c. They lay stress on social good d. They want system of production to meet needs of community e. They stress need for conflict in economic sphere
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26) On which of the following grounds has Marxian not been rightly criticised? a. He has given one sided interpretation of history b. He has given undue place to social forces in history c. His theory of class struggle is untenable d. It sacrifices individual at the cost of society
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27) Which one of following is not true about socialism? a. They do not favour individual liberty against state b. They assume that the state will wither away c. The believe that the state is means to an end d. They believe that state has always been siding with propertied classes
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28) Which of the following is not true about Marxian Socialists? a. They favour positive freedom for members b. They are opposed to planned economy c. They are opposed to private property d. They are opposed to inequality
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29) Who has said that 'Every State has a constitution in the sense that certain principles underlie its existence and its Government'? a. Professor Jellineck b. Finer c. Gettell d. Woolsay
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30) Who said that a state without a constitution would not be a state but a regime of anarchy? a. Professor Jellineck b. Gilchrist c. Leacock d. Finer e. Gettell
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31) Who has said that 'Every constitution is the product of accumulated material and spiritual circumstances of its times'? a. Gettell b. Finer c. Leacock d. Rossueau e. Locke
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32) Who has said that constitution is the product of all those rules which affect the sovereignty of the state? a. Lord Bryce b. Professor Dicey c. Gettell d. Rousseau e. Woolsay
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33) Who has said that constitution is the fundamental law of the state containing the principles on which government is founded? a. Gilchrist b. Lord Bryce c. Dicey d. Cooley e. Gettell
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34) Out of the following who has said that a constitution is the way in which citizens who are components of a state are arranged in relation to one another: a. Plato b. Rousseau c. Montesqueiu d. Strate e. Aristotle
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35) Cumulative constitution is one which: a. Is enacted by a specific body b. Is given by the sovereign to the people c. Is the result of gradual evolution d. Is given by the dictator
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36) Conventional constitution is one which: a. Is based on conventions b. Is specifically enacted c. Grows with the passage of time d. Is given by the head of the state
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37) Who has said that a written constitution is one in which most of the fundamental principles of the governmental organisation are contained in a formal written instrument or instruments deliberately created: a. Gettell b. Finer c. Dicey d. Bryce e. Aristotle
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38) Who has said that the distinction between the written and unwritten constitution is one of degree rather than that of kind: a. Finer b. Ebestein c. Munro d. Gettell e. Woodrow Wilson
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39) Of the following which country has unwritten constitution: a. U.K. b. U.S.A. c. U.S.S.R. d. India
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40) A important merit of written constitution is that: a. It clearly demarcates functions of the government b. It keeps pace with time c. It does not invite revolutions d. It helps in the growth of conventions
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41) One serious disadvantage of written constitution is that: a. It does not give idea about basic rights of the people b. It is not suited to federations c. It results in frequent litigations d. It does not result in usurpation of authority
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42) Which of the following countries has a very rigid constitution? a. U.S.A. b. India c. U.K. d. Australia
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43) The advantage of rigid constitution is that: a. It keeps pace with national progress b. It guarantees permanence and stability c. It adjusts itself with the passage of time d. It is progressive
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44) One of the serious disadvantage of a rigid constitution is that: a. It shifts the balance of authority from legislature to judiciary b. It does not reflect public opinion c. It is not suited to federations d. It can easily be tampered with
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45) Constitution in Switzerland can be amended: a. When elite want to do so b. When peasants express to do so c. With the help of referendum d. When propertied class wants to amend it
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46) Written constitution can develop or grow with the help of: a. Judicial interpretations b. International treaties c. International tribunals d. Commissions and Committees
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47) A good constitution is one which: a. Does not leave scope for customs b. Does not allow conventions to grow c. Is very rigid d. Elaborate and clear
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48) A characteristic of a good constitution is that: a. It is excellent mirror of national mind b. It has no definite procedure for amendment c. It is very flexible d. It is very precise and ambiguous
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49) Which is considered to be the oldest constitutional system of the world: a. Switzerland b. India c. France d. U.K.
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50) A constitution which provides for a rigid distribution of the power of the government between the centre and its constituent units is known as: a. Written constitution b. Federal constitution c. Rigid constitution d. Flexible constitution e. None of the above
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