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1) Which one of the following is not a feature of positive liberalism? a. The state is a necessary evil b. The state is instrument of general welfare c. The functions of the state need not be curtailed d. The state is a moral institution
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2) Which one of the following are correct views of positive liberals about state? a. It can promote intellectual faculties b. It should participate in economic activities c. It should promote general welfare d. It should protect private property at all costs
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3) Liberalism is not a principle, it is: a. Viewpoint b. Philosophy c. Normal instruction d. An opinion of certain thinkers e. None of the above
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4) According to John Dewey contemporary liberalism is: a. An attitude towards certain things alone b. Solid programme of action c. Partly an attitude and partly a programme d. Both an attitude and programme
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5) As a liberal which one of the following is not true about John Locke? a. He protected individual on the basis of natural rights b. He believed that state should uphold natural rights c. The individual can revolt against state if natural rights are not protected d. The state is natural and not an artificial institution
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6) Who of the following is not associated with the defence of liberal ism on ethical grounds? a. J.S. Mill b. Kant c. T.H. Green d. Hume e. Rousseau
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7) Which one of the following is not true about liberalism on the basis of ethical values? a. Man can develop when state interferes least b. Man can develop when state interferes the most c. Functions of the state should be minimised d. None of the above
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8) Who of the following is not associated with the defence of liberalism on economic basis? a. Laski b. Adam smith c. Bentham d. J.S. Mill
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9) Who of the following has tried to defend liberalism on the biological basis? a. John Locke b. Kant c. Hume d. Adam Smith e. Herbert Spencer
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10) Individualists believe that state: a. Should be given more powers b. Should be immediately dissolved c. Is an evil d. Is necessary evil
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11) Individualists believe that the individual: a. Cannot decide about his own welfare b. Collective welfare is better than individual welfare c. Is the best judge to decide about his own welfare d. Needs leaders for deciding his welfare
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12) According to individualists the main duty of the state is to: a. Protect and restrain b. Foster and develop c. Increasingly interfere in normal life of the individuals d. Control over every aspect of human life
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13) Individualism has been supported on ethical grounds by: a. Kant b. Adam Smith c. Herbert Spencer d. Karl Marx
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14) Individualist theory is supported on the plea that: a. It will remove artificial berriers in trade b. It will create artificical barriers in trade c. It will encourage individual's interests in trade d. It will help possession of wealth be each individual
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15) Individualist theory about functions of the state is criticised because it is felt that: a. These people believe that the state must be abolished b. State is necessary for human development c. State should be given maximum functions d. State is a necessary evil
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16) Individualist theory has been refuted because: a. Experience has proved that it is wrong b. It has unnecessarily enhanced the prestige of the society c. It is opposed to the system of laissez faire d. It considers that the state is essential development.
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17) The name of Graham Wallas is associated with: a. Fabianism b. Guild socialism c. Socialism d. Individualism e. New Individualism
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18) According to new Individualism state is: a. Above all associations b. March of God on earth c. Association of associations d. One of the associations
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19) According the New Individualists state: a. It the only possession of sovereignth b. Can enforce its will on reluctant associations c. Does not possess sovereignty d. Shares its sovereignty with other associations
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20) Modern individualists believe that: a. Means of production should remain in the hands of private enterprises b. Means of production should remain in the hands of public enterprises c. Public enterprises should be given more functions d. Private enterprises should be given less functions
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21) Modern Individualists: a. Are in favour of concentration of authority in the hands of the state b. Wich the state to perform more and more functions c. Stand for decentralisation of authority d. Are in favour of abolition of state
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22) Modern Individualists: a. Feel that present system of majority party rule is ideal b. Feel majority party rule has failed c. Are of the view that minority should govern the nation d. Feel full power should be in the hands of bureaucrats
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23) Graham Wallas, the chief exponent of New Individualism believes that the Upper Houses should be constituted on: a. Territorial basis b. Nomination basis c. Hereditary basis d. Vocational basis e. There should be no Upper House
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24) The main difference between the Individualists and New Individualists is that as against Individualists, New Individualists lay stress on: a. Group b. Rights to producers c. Rights of consumers d. None of these
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25) Liberalism is philosophy which: a. Pleads for freedom of press b. Plead for freedom from every form of social control except law c. Pleads for freedom from all controls including law d. Pleads for non-interference in the economic sphere
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26) The Liberalism can be traced back to: a. Early Greek thinkers b. French Revolution c. Glorious Revolution of 1688 d. American War of Independence
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27) Liberalism became a definite theory or philosophy only in: a. The seventeenth century b. The eighteenth century c. The nineteenth century d. The present century
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28) Liberalism as a philosophy flourished maximum in: a. England b. France c. Germany d. U.S.A.
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29) Liberalism flourished in England because: a. It had a strong middle class b. It was an industrially advanced country c. It had a monarchical system of government d. It had an unwritten constitution
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30) The chief exponent of Liberalism in England was: a. Hobbes b. Locke c. Bentham d. Hegel
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31) In the political shpere liberalism pleaded for: a. Compulsory education b. Freedom of thought and expression c. State control of the means of production and distribution d. Right to property
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32) In the economic sphere the liberal thinkers stood for: a. System of monopolies b. Laissez faire c. State regulation d. Large scale production
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33) Liberalism as a philosophy is based on the principle of: a. Expediency b. Reason c. Blind faith d. Moral upliftment
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34) Liberalism found its most detailed and lucid expression in the writings of: a. Hobbes b. Locke c. Rousseau d. None of the above
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35) The classical liberals stood for: a. Ending all hereditary advantages b. Permitting the hereditary advantage unhindered c. Curtailing the hereditary advantages d. None of the above
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36) The classical liberals believed that: a. Strong nations had a right to dominate the weak nations b. No nation had the right to exploit the otherThe rich nations must help the poor nations to eliminate international tension c. Poor nations must join hands to protect themselves against the rich nations
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37) The classical liberals stood for: a. Equal rights for all b. Special rights for educated persons c. Special rights for propertied classes d. Special rights for women
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38) The classical liberals pleaded for economic liberty for: a. The poor b. The rich c. The middle classes d. All the classes
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39) The liberal thinkers of the nineteenth century considered state as: a. A welfare agency b. A necessary evil c. A preserver of liberty d. An instrument of exploitation
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40) The liberal thinkers held that: a. Each law promotes individual liberty b. Each law restricts individual liberty c. There is no relationship between law and liberty d. Law is essential for moral development of man
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41) Individualism, which was one of the theories of liberalism pleaded for: a. Maximum state control b. Maximum freedom for individual c. Press censorship d. Development of moral life
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42) The economic justification individualism was offered by: a. Adam Smith b. Herbert Spencer c. Marx d. J.S. Mill
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43) The Wealth of Nations" which is a classic treatise on the theory of non-intervention in economic sphere was written by: a. Adam Smith b. Cairnes c. Ricardo d. Malthus
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44) Individualism was justified on scientific grounds by: a. Darwin Spencer b. Herbert Spencer c. Rousseau d. Marx
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45) Who said: "Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign"? a. Bentham b. J.S. Mill c. T.H. Green d. H.J. Laski
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46) According to the individualists: a. The state was the best judge of man's interests b. The Parliament was the best judge of individual's interests c. The individual himself was the best judge of his interests d. The King was the best judge of people's interests
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47) The principle of 'survival of the fittest' was advocated by: a. Darwin b. Herbert Spencer c. Adam Smith d. J.S. Mill
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48) According to the individualists state is: a. A necessary evil b. A welfare agency c. Au instrument of exploitation d. An unnecessary evil
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49) Individualism is also known as: a. Idealism b. Collectivism c. Syndicalism d. Laissez faire
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50) The objective of the individualists to establish: a. A classless society b. An equitable society c. A stateless society d. A free society
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