1) In the political shpere justice consists in: a. Entrusting the responsibility of government to propertied people who know the art of governing b. Entrusting power to the educated people c. Giving share to all persons in the administration of their country d. Maintaining the status quo
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2) In the economic sphere justice implies: a. A person whould be permitted to keep the unearned income b. Every body should be given same salary irrespective of the nature of job c. There should be free play of economic forces in the society d. The basic needs of all the people must be met
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3) The history of political philosophy is the history of quest for: a. Justice b. Equality c. Liberty d. Power
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4) The idealist theory of Justice, which emphasised the moral element of justice, was first of all propounded by: a. Aristotle b. Plato c. Machiavelli d. Marx
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5) Aristotle speaks of two types of justice one, particular justice and the other: a. Social Justice b. General justice c. Distributive justice d. Political justice
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6) The view that there is close relationship between justice and equality is attributed to: a. Socialists b. Individualists c. Idealists d. Anarchists
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7) Socially, to Plato, Justice meant that: a. A class should do its work in social carde or political plane to which it was called by its peculiar properties b. Society should defend with all its might the right of its members c. All the members and groups of society should be treated equal d. There should be an elaborate system of law to provide justice to the citizens
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8) Which one of the following institutions gives shape to the dimensions of justice? a. The Constitution b. The Parliament c. The Courts d. All the above
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9) Kautilya is associated with the exposition of: a. Legal Theory of Justice b. Retributive Theory of Justice c. Deterrent Theory of Justice d. Reformative Theory of Justice
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10) "Eye for eye and tooth for a tooth" is the guiding principle of: a. Retributive theory of justice b. Deterrent theory of justice c. Reformative theory of justice d. All the above theories
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11) Which theory of justice is based on the principle 'kill the sin and not the sinner'? a. Retributive theory of justice b. Reformative Theory c. Deterrent Theory of Justice d. None of the above
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12) Which aspect of justice was emphasises by the Greeks? a. Social b. Moral c. Legal d. Political
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13) In which book Plato elaborated his theory of justice? a. Republic b. Statesman c. Laws d. All the above books
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14) The Retributive Theory of Justice is rooted in: a. The principle of deterrent punishment to criminals b. The principle of revenge c. The principle that punishment should aim at reforming the criminals d. The principle of hate the sin and not the sinner
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15) Who asserted that justice implies allotment of functions to a person in accordance with his ability and training? a. Barker b. Plato c. Aristotle d. None of the above
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16) According to Earnest Barker, justice is: a. A virtue that cannot be separated from the virtues of temperance, courage and wisdom b. Not a matter of outright equality but is rather a matter of right proportion c. A mtter of human relations which change and grow in the process of time with changes of social thought, and it adjusts itself and changes accordingly d. The first virtue of social institutions, as truth is of systems of thought
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17) Which one of the following states is most conducive to justice? a. Socialist State b. Democratic State c. Aristocratic State d. Authoritarian State
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18) The modern state tries to ensure justice to its citizens through: a. Management institutions b. Regulation of the economy of the country c. Maintenance of system of law courts d. All the above
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19) Constitution is an instrument of: a. Legal Justice b. Social Justice c. Political Justice d. Economic Justice
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20) The denial of right to a particular section of society in the law-making and making process is a violation of the principle of: a. Natural Justice b. Political Justice c. Legal justice has no relationship with punishment d. All the above
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21) Who pleaded for the harmonization of individual and collective interests? a. Socialists b. Early Liberal thinkers c. Liberal writers of 20th century d. All the above
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22) Public opinion means: a. Opinion of educated persons b. Opinion of elites of the society c. Majority opinion d. Minority opinion e. Opinion of the majority, which takes into consideration the interests of all
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23) Which one of the following does not help in the formation of public opinion? a. Newspapers b. Educational system c. Radio d. Television e. Playground
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24) Which one of the following is not very necessary for the formation of public opinion? a. Cinema b. Press c. Neighbourhood d. T.V. e. Political parties
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25) Which one of the following is not true about the role of political parties in the formation of public opinion? a. These hold public meetings b. These spread political literature c. These help in the selection of candidates d. These highlight main political problems e. These draw attention to national affairs
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26) Which one of the following is not true about political parties in the formation of public opinion? a. These help in maintaining link between the people and the representatives b. These provide political education to common man c. These focus attention of the people on international political issues d. These highlight failings and faltering of each other e. None of the above
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27) If sound public opinion is to be formed for that it is essential that: a. Press should be free b. Religious bodies should be active c. People should be given the right to property d. There should be right to education e. There should be right to leisure
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28) For the formation of sound public opinion it is essential that: a. The government should be coalition one b. The government should be non-aligned c. The government should bot control mass media d. There should be single party system e. The women should have right to vote
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29) Which of the following is an essential element of public opinion? a. Public issues b. Views of the majority but not of all c. National thinking d. Sense of common good
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30) Which of the following is not expected to be discharged by the public opinion? a. To control the arbitrariness of the government b. To awaken public consciousness on ;oblic issues c. To help contact between de-facto and de-jure sovereign d. To enable people to participate directly in the process of legislation e. None of these
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31) Which one of the following is not a great hindrance in the formation of sound public opinion? a. Disparity in wealth b. Right to leisure c. Lethargy of the people d. Illiteracy
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32) Which one of the following is a great hindrance on the way of sound public opinion? a. Controlled press b. Free mass media c. Cinema d. Political literature
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33) Public opinion can effectively be found out when: a. There is economic inequality b. There is no sharp social division c. There is strict party discipline d. There is spread of education
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34) One of the important agencies, which help in the formation of public opinion, is: a. Cooperative societies b. Controlled c. Committed judiciary d. Open platform e. Single party legislature
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35) One of the important agencies, which help in the formation of public opinion, is: a. Free mass media b. Unicameral legislature c. Single party dominant government d. Communist system of government e. None of the above
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36) Which one of the following is not a hindrance in the formation of public opinion? a. Committed press b. Controlled mass media c. Single party political system d. Widespread education e. Disparities in wealth
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37) Which one of the following is a hindrance in the formation of sound public opinion? a. Circulation of political literature b. Freedom to political parties to spread ideas c. Removal of illiteracy d. Widespread illiteracy e. Periodical elections
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38) Which one of the following is not a good method for removal of hindrance on the formation of good public opinion? a. Press should be made free b. Illiteracy may be removed c. Economic inequality may be wiped out d. Committed education should be encouraged e. Political activities should be encouraged
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39) Press can help in the formation of public opinion if: a. It is under party control b. It is under government control c. It is highly critical of opposition policies d. It is highly critical of government policies e. It is impartial and free
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40) Education can help in the formation of public opinion when it: a. Imparts committed education b. Helps in developing moral character c. Helps in developing sound physique d. Helps in developing freethinking e. Ensures that all get free education
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41) Legislature helps in the formation of public opinion because: a. It is an important organ of government b. It has the respobsibility of enacting laws c. It practically controls the executive d. It consists of elected representatives of the people e. It focuses attention on issues public importance
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42) Public opinion means: a. Sum-total of confused and incoherent opinions held by different groups of citizens b. Unanimous opinion of all the citizens c. A definite opinion, which is the result of a process of clarification and co-ordination of views held by different persons d. Majority opinion
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43) Certain features of public opinion are given below, but one of them has been wrongly listed. Tick the same. a. Public opinion is definite opinion b. Public opinion is based on sound arguments and reasons c. Gererally it is the opinion of the intellectual minority d. Public opinion is based on common good
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44) Amongst the agencies of public opinion the press plays an inportant role. Press can be an effective agency of public opinion only if: a. It is committed to the policies of the government b. It is free and impartial c. It supports the cause of the weaker sections d. It is highly critical of government policies
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45) There are numerous agencies for the formulation of public opinion. One of them has been wrongly listed below. Tick the same: a. Political Parties b. Radio and Cinema c. Legislature d. Judiciary
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46) One of the strongest hindrances in the way of formation of sound public opinion is: a. Propaganda of radio, relevision and cinema b. A dishonest and mischievous press c. Progagands of political parties d. Religious institutions
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47) Public platform is a better agency of public opinion than the press because: a. It has direct appeal b. It is the best way to win the support of the educated people c. It can influence comparatively larger number of people d. It has wider appeal
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48) The political parties influence the public opinion by: a. Propagating their own programme b. By criticizing the government c. By acquainting the people with important public questions d. By keeping direct contact with the people
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49) Educational institutions help in the formulation of public opinion by: a. Imparting education b. By paying attention to the physical and mental development of students c. By inculcating moral qualities d. By cultivating habit of independent thinking and formulating correct opinion
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50) The legislature in a democratic country can influence public opinion by: a. Enacting laws b. By prescribing the duties of citizens c. By granting rights d. By focusing public attention on various problems facing the country during the course of parliamentary debates
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