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1) The alkali soil can be identified by seeing: a. White layer of salts on the surface b. Black colour on the surface c. Red colour on the surface d. None of the above
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2) The amount of N2 fixed by clostridium is ______ mg N2 per gm sugar: a. 15 - 25 b. 7 - 12 c. 2 - 7 d. 25 - 50
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3) The amount of P in soil and soil solution that can exchange with orthophosphate in addition to soil as measured by plant growth in soil system is termed as: a. A-value b. L-value c. E-value d. None of these
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4) The amount of work dong by the water during its movement from Initial point to reference point is known as: a. Soil water potential b. Solute water potential c. Matric potential d. Pressure potential
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5) Which one of the following minerals is least weatherable in soil? a. Olivine b. Quartz c. Calcite d. Biotite
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6) Which one of the following is not a soil forming factor? a. Climate b. Organisms c. Relief d. Moisture
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7) Which one of the following is not a component of the moisture potential in soils? a. Matric potential b. Turgor potential c. Gravity potential d. Osmotic potential
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8) Which one of the following irrigation methods is best suited for an undulating topography? a. Flow irrigation b. Check basin method c. Sprinkler irrigation d. Furrow irrigation
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9) Which one of the following fertilizers is least hygroscopic? a. Urea b. (NH4)2SO4 c. DAP d. DAP
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10) The availability of phosphoreus is maximums at soil pH: a. 5.5-7.5 b. 7.0-8.0 c. 6.0-8.0 d. None of the above
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11) The availability of phosphorous is optimum in the pH range of: a. <7 b. >7-8 c. 8 d. 6 - 8
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12) The available water present in soil for better plant growth in between: a. Field capacity and wilting percentage b. Witting percentage and hygroscopic coefficient c. Field capacity and Air dry soil d. None of the above
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13) The average arable surface soil may be considered to have a particle density of about: a. 2.70 gms/cc b. 2.45 gms/cc c. 1.64 gms/cc d. 2.66 gms/cc
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14) The average chemical composition of NPK of night soil is: a. 3.7 - 4.0 - 2.0 b. 0.5 - 0.6 - 0.5 c. 2.0 - 2.6 - 0.5 d. 5.5 - 4.0 - 2.0
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15) The average soil bulk density of cultivated loamy soil is approximately: a. 0.5 - 1.0 gm cm-3 b. 1.5 - 1.65 cm-3 c. 1.1 - 1.4 gm cm-3 d. None of the above
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16) The bacteria considered most important to bring about the conversion of NH4 to NH2: a. Nitrosomonas b. Nitrobacteria c. Both (a) & (b) d. Azotobacter
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17) The bacteria responsible for fixation of nitrogen in soyabean are: a. Rhyzobium lguminoserum b. Rhyzobium phaseoil c. Rhyzobium glycicum d. Rhyzobium japonicum
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18) The best estimate of the available P in phosphatic fertilizers is obtained from the: a. Water soluble fraction b. Citrate insoluble fraction c. Citrate soluble fraction d. Water soluble and citrate soluble fraction
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19) The biological method for determining defidency of lime, P and K is: a. Neubauers method b. Aspergillus niger test c. Azotobacter plaque test d. None of the above
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20) Which one of the following concentrated organic manures has maximum P2O5 content? a. Fish meal b. Stera meat c. Poultry manure d. Guano
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21) The C.E.C. of illite is about: a. 100 m.e./100 g b. 140 m.e./100 g c. 40 m.e./100 g d. 10 m.e./100 g
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22) The C.E.C. of mica is about: a. 10 m.e./100 g b. 100 m.e./100 g c. 50 m.e./100 g d. 140 m.e./100 g
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23) The C:N ratio in the organic matter of the furrow slice (upper 15 cm) of arable soils commonly ranges from? a. 3:1 to 4:1 b. 6:1 to 7:1 c. 18:1 to 19:1 d. 8:1 to 15:1
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24) The capacity of soils to be moulded, that is to change shape in response to stress and peep that shape when stress is removed is termed as: a. Plasticity b. Stickiness c. Consistency d. Cementation
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25) The carbon nitrogen ratio in cultivated soil is stabilized as: a. 20:1 to 30:1 b. 4:1 to 9:1 c. 18:1 to 19:1 d. 8:1 to 15:1
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26) The cation, which competes with ammonium during fixation, is: a. Potassium b. Aluminium c. Magnesium d. None of the above
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27) The CEC of kaolinite clay varies between: a. 3 and 15 b. 16 and 40 c. 41 and 80 d. 81 and 100
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28) The cellulose content in humus is about: a. 10% b. 4% c. 15% d. 21%
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29) The characteristics of surface soil, which have important, bearing in soil management and crop production, is known as: a. Soil type b. Soil variant c. Soil series d. Soil phase
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30) The choice of a chemical amendment may be influenced by the _______ required for reaction in the soil: a. Time b. Cost c. Quantity d. Quality
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31) The colloidal surface area in the upper 15 cm of a hectare of a clay soil could be as high as km. a. 700 b. 7,000 c. 70000 d. 700000
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32) The concentration of CO2 in the soil increases after the rains, probably because of: a. Increase nitrification and decomposition of organic matter b. Increases denitrification c. Increases leaching of nitrogen of CO2 d. None of the above
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33) Gypsum is also called as: a. Kyarite b. Dolomite c. Salenite d. Baryte
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34) The concept of soil as a natural body was first developed by: a. C.F. Marbut b. K.D. Gilinka c. V.V.Dakuchaev d. E.W.Hilligard
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35) The conditions responsible for the formation of salt affected soil is: a. High rainfall b. Low rainfall and high evaporation c. Irrigation with good qality water d. All of the above
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36) Which of the following statements is more correct as regards to "luxury consumption" of K found in minute? a. Maize has mechanism to increase yields by taking excess K above the optimum requirement b. Maize takes excess K above the optimum requirement even though growth and yield are not promoted c. Maize takes excess K above the optimum requirement the concentration which becomes toxic to plants d. None of the above
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37) The conversion of amount into nitrate by microorganisms is known as: a. Nitrogen fixation b. Nitrification c. Denitrification d. Loss of nitrogen
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38) The crop suitable for cultivation in saline sodic soil would include: a. Soyabean and rice b. Soyabean and sugarbeet c. Sugarbeet and rice d. Trice and maixe
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39) The C-spacing of halloysite is: a. 10.2 A b. 7.39 A c. 14.0 A d. None of these
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40) The cuticular membrances are generally more permeable to: a. Anions rather than cations b. Cations rather than anions c. Cations and anions both d. None of the above
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41) The dark coloured soils are: a. High in Fe and Mn b. Medium in Fe and Mn c. Low in Fe and Mn d. Not known
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42) The diagnostic surface horizons are called: a. Epipedon b. Pedon c. Polypedon d. All of them
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43) The diameter of most erodible soils particle is: a. 0.2 mm b. 0.1 mm c. 0.3 mm d. 0.4 mm
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44) The diameter of water molecule is approximately: a. 2.64A b. 2.54A c. 2.96A d. 1.33A
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45) The direct exchange of ions between the roots and clay colloids called: a. Soil solution theory b. Contact exchange theory c. Diffusion d. None of the above
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46) The discovery of oxygen was done by ________, which proved the keystone of other discoveries that went far toward unlocking the mystery of plant life: a. John Mayow b. John Woodward c. Benjamin Franklin d. Priestly
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47) The dominant colour of spectral (rainbow) in soil indicates: a. Kalolinite type of clay mineral b. Hue c. Value d. Chroma
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48) The earth mainly consists of: a. Four spheres b. Three spheres c. Five spheres d. All of above
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49) The earth's element crust is a part of: a. Hydrosphere b. Lithosphere c. Atmosphere d. All of above
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50) The elements play direct role in formation of chlorophyll is: a. Phosphorus and Potassium b. Calcium and Zinc c. Nitrogen and Magnesium d. Iron and Sulphur
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